Abstract

There are many examples of cooperatives emerging as a form of collective organization in times of social crisis, where members of society come together voluntarily to address problems. Cooperatives is an independent organization with its own business model. And cooperatives are inherently social value-driven. Ironically, it almost encompasses what has recently been called CSR(Corporate Social Responsibility), CSV(Creating Shared Value) and ESG. In other words, co-operatives have these characteristics inherent in the organization itself. That is why I think research that can explain the characteristics, advantages and principles of cooperatives is very useful.